THE QUANTUM LEVEL OF PHYSICS AND ITS INTERACTIONS WITH THE FUNDAMENTAL LEVEL OF PHYSICS:
RQM relativistic quantum field theory (QFT): Elementary particles are field quanta. RQM predates QFT by a few years. There are no particles and no waves, just fields. Both particles and waves are two ways in which we interpret quantum fields. There is one field for each type of particle. One field for all photons in the universe, one field for all electrons, etc. These fields are excitations of the underlying QFT that describes our physical reality. To extract a particle from a field, you need to give the field more energy. A higher energy state produces a particle. They only transferred this energy. These fields make everything of quanta. Decoherence does not necessarily imply wavefunction collapse but instead means any classical interaction where energy is lost or traded from a quantum state. Decoherence occurs when a system interacts with its environment thermodynamically irreversible way. Decoherence describes how a quantum system fails its wave property of interference. This happens when the quantum system interacts with an external environment through entanglement. The only ways the quantum energy of a closed system can be changed are through the transfer of energy by work or by heat.
Second, Quantization is a formalism used to describe and analyze quantum many-body systems. Quantum systems can exist in superposition states. Decoherence means dropping out of a quantum superposition for a moment to use energy to push something around in a classical way. This can be applied to all systems exhibiting quantum indeterminacy and producing classical results. The feature of a quantum system is when it exists in several separate quantum states simultaneously. For example, electrons possess a quantum quality called spin, intrinsic angular momentum.
The substantive reality around us only reflects a higher abstract truth.
Quantum entanglement is observed at the quantum scale, where entangled particles stay connected. The actions performed on one of the particles affect the other, no matter the distance between the two particles.
Quantum entanglement is the fundamental mechanism behind decoherence and the wave function collapse, and it’s why the classical world of everyday experience is so radically different from the microscopic. Entanglement occurs when a pair of particles, such as photons interact physically. A laser beam fired through a specific type of crystal can cause individual photons to be split into teams of entangled photons. They can then interact at long distances.
