Black holes seem to be misbehaving, and experts are perplexed.
Radio images of the sky have revealed hundreds of “baby” and supermassive black holes in distant galaxies, with the galaxies’ light bouncing around in unexpected ways.
Galaxies are vast cosmic bodies, tens of thousands of light-years in size, made up of gas, dust, and stars (like our sun). Given their size, you’d expect the amount of light emitted from galaxies would change slowly and steadily over timescales far beyond a person’s lifetime.
But our research, published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, found a surprising population of galaxies whose light changes much more quickly, in just a matter of years. Astronomers think there’s a supermassive black hole at the center of most galaxies. Some of these are “active,” which means they emit a lot of radiation.
Their powerful gravitational fields pull in matter from their surroundings and rip it apart into an orbiting donut of hot plasma called an “accretion disk.”
This disk orbits the black hole at nearly the speed of light. Magnetic fields accelerate high-energy particles from the disk in long, thin streams or “jets” along the black hole’s rotational axes. As they get further from the black hole, these jets blossom into large mushroom-shaped clouds or “lobes.”
The radio galaxy Hercules A has an active supermassive black hole at its center.
This entire structure makes up a radio galaxy, so-called because it gives off a lot of radio-frequency radiation. It can be hundreds, thousands, or even millions of light-years across and can take eons to show any dramatic changes.
Astronomers have long questioned why some radio galaxies host enormous lobes while others remain small and confined. Two theories exist. The jets are held back by dense material around the black hole, often referred to as frustrating lobes.
However, the details around this phenomenon remain unknown. It’s still unclear whether the lobes are only temporarily confined by a small, extremely dense surrounding environment — or if they’re slowly pushing through a larger but less dense environment. The second theory to explain smaller lobes is the jets are young and have not yet extended to great distances. Both young and old radio galaxies can be identified using modern radio astronomy: looking at their radio color.
From the data, baby radio galaxies appear blue, which means they’re brighter at higher radio frequencies. Meanwhile, the old and dying radio galaxies appear red and are brighter in the lower radio frequencies.
Something more than one light-year in size can’t vary so much in brightness over less than one year without breaking the laws of physics. So, either our galaxies were far smaller than expected, or something else was happening. Past research on the variability of radio galaxies has used either a small number of galaxies, archival data collected from many different telescopes, or was conducted using only a single frequency.
Some of the bouncing baby radio galaxies changed so much over the year we doubt they are babies at all. There’s a chance these compact radio galaxies are actually angsty teens rapidly growing into adults much faster than we expected.
While most of the variable galaxies increased or decreased in brightness by roughly the same amount across all radio colors, some didn’t. Also, 51 galaxies changed in both brightness and color, which may explain what causes the variability.
Twinkling galaxies: As light from stars travels through Earth’s atmosphere, it is distorted. This creates the twinkling effect of stars we see in the night sky, called “scintillation.” The light from the radio galaxies in this survey passed through our Milky Way galaxy to reach our telescopes on Earth. Thus, the gas and dust within the galaxy could have distorted it the same way, resulting in a twinkling effect.
Looking down the barrel: In our three-dimensional Universe, sometimes black holes shoot high-energy particles directly towards us on Earth. These radio galaxies are called “blazars.” Instead of seeing long thin jets and large mushroom-shaped lobes, we see blazars as a very tiny bright dot. They can show extreme variability in short timescales since any little ejection of matter from the supermassive black hole itself is directed straight towards us.
Blackhole burps: When the central supermassive black hole “burps” some extra particles, they form a clump, slowly traveling along with the jets. As the clump propagates outwards, we can detect it first in the “radio blue” and later in the “radio red.” This is the first time we’ve had the technological ability to conduct a large-scale variability survey over multiple radio colors. The results suggest that the radio sky’s understanding is lacking, and perhaps radio galaxies are more dynamic than was expected.
Elsewhere, what appears to be twinkling stars in outer space is actually a map of 25,000 supermassive black holes, each located in its own faraway galaxy. A highly detailed map of these kinds of black holes, which are millions, if not billions, of times as massive as the Sun.
THE EVENT ORIGINATOR IS ON HIS WAY BACK.
THE DESIGNER/CREATOR’S PROCESS :
HE WROTE THE CODE; THEN HE PRODUCED THE BLUEPRINT. HE USED AN EVOLVEMENT PROCESS TO OBTAIN THE REQUISITE RESULT. IT is ALL JUST A BINARY SOFTWARE PROGRAM.
(ALL THINGS ARE TRIUNE, WITH BINARY INTERACTIVES).
IT is ALL ABOUT THE CODE THAT YOU START WITH.
1ST: Write the code for the upcoming big bang that will create a new universe.
2nd: Write the code for the design and evolve for all intended results as the event unfolds.
3rd: Set the event in motion. All things are triune, with binary interactives.
4th: Monitor, fine-tune, adjust, and select out, on-going.
5th: Use design and evolve as the process. Write a separate code and blueprint for the known thought entities’ consciousness. Install consciousness when it is time for it.
6th: It is not the people; it is the event.
7th: Harvesting a new crop of known thought entities is the intended result.
DARWINISM HAS BEEN REPLACING GOD FOR OVER ONE HUNDRED YEARS. THAT DAY IS
