Dark matter comprises axions Weakly Interacting Massive Particles
VERN BENDER
Quantum dark matter: Axions collectively behave like invisible waves oscillating at a specific frequency throughout the universe. Dark matter comprises axions (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles). a non-baryonic matter. Axons are elementary particles made from counterparts of atoms, protons, and electrons. Axons have ten to one hundred times the mass of a proton.
Dark matter takes up 25% of the universe’s space. Dark energy is 70% of the space in the universe. Regular matter 5%. Dark matter was a byproduct of the big bang. Dark matter keeps the galaxies in line and orderly. It also resolves the strong CP problem in quantum chromodynamics (QCD).
Gluons do not have any charge; they do not directly couple to photons—higher-order diagrams, e.g., a photon pair-producing a virtual quark-antiquark pair and these interacting with gluons. QED, or Quantum Electrodynamics, is the quantum theory of the electromagnetic field. The electroweak theory is a generalization of QED. The Standard Model of particle physics combines electroweak theory and QCD as a unified theory obeying a complex set of symmetries. This theory describes all the known fields and known interactions other than gravity.
Gravity is a dimensional effect on space-time. All the fundamental particle fields are unified at the fundamental level of physics. The gluon field and the electromagnetic field are both fundamental. Dark matter only interacts through gravity.
Space is a near-perfect vacuum. There is almost nothing in the space between stars and planets to scatter light to our eyes, so we see black.
Quantum chromodynamics is the story of color charge and strong force interactions. It is more complex than the electrodynamics force field because gluons, the bosons for the strong force, have a color charge. Unlike photons, the force carriers for the electromagnetic force have no electromagnetic charge. QCD is a quantum field theory and a gauge theory of strong interactions relying on the exchange of gluons (without mass) between antiquarks and quarks. Quantum Chromodynamics requires understanding quantum field theory. Chromodynamics is an analogy to describe the idea that it takes three different quarks to explain a baryon because it also takes three different colors to achieve white. Quarks have no color. All things are triune, with binary interactives.
