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THE CHEMISTRY OF THE OCEANS AND THE ATMOSPHERE

Layers of the Earth’s Atmosphere
  • The troposphere is where weather occurs. You breathe the air in the troposphere.
  • Many airplanes fly in the stratosphere because it is very stable. …
  • Many rock fragments from space burn up in the mesosphere.
  • The thermosphere is very thin. …
  • The upper limit of our atmosphere is the exosphere.
Sep 1, 2010
  Earth’s magnetic field, also known as the geomagnetic field, is the magnetic field that extends from the Earth’s interior out into space, where it interacts with the solar wind, a stream of charged particles emanating from the Sun. Our planet’s magnetic field is believed to be generated deep down in the Earth’s core. … The Coriolis force, resulting from the Earth’s spin, also causes swirling whirlpools. This flow of liquid iron generates electric currents, which in turn produce magnetic fields. Calcium carbonate is often found in seashells and bones of sea creatures, and when these settle on the ocean floor for millions of years it forms limestone. Limestone can also come from the combination of soluble calcium (Ca) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from water in lakes and oceans. The six most abundant ions of seawater are chloride (Cl), sodium (Na+), sulfate (SO24), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), and potassium (K+). By weight, these ions make up about 99 percent of all sea salts. The carbonate system is very important since it regulates the pH of seawater, and. controls the circulation of CO2 between the biosphere, the lithosphere, the atmosphere. and the oceans.
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