THE EARTH’S TIME SCALE AND THE FIVE MASS EXTINCTIONS

THE LAST FOUR  EARTH GEOLOGIC ERAS: 1.  PRECAMBRIAN  (570 MILLION YEARS AGO, AND EARLIER). 2.  PALEOZOIC  ( 245 MILLION TO 570 MILLION YEARS AGO). 3.  MESOZOIC (66.4 MILLION TO 245 MILLION YEARS AGO). 4.  CENOZOIC (O-TO 66.4 MILLION YEARS AGO).

• 5 PRIOR MASS EXTINCTIONS HAVE OCCURRED:
• THESE PRIOR MASS EXTINCTIONS TOOK OUT VARIOUS PERCENTAGES OF THE SPECIES ON EARTH.  IS THERE A 6TH EXTINCTION EVENT COMING OUR WAY?
• FOR MORE THAN 3.5 BILLION YEARS, LIVING ORGANISMS HAVE THRIVED, MULTIPLIED AND DIVERSIFIED TO OCCUPY EVERY ECOSYSTEM ON EARTH.

• THE LAW THAT CONTROLS ALL PARTICLE INTERACTIONS IS THIS:
• ALL THINGS ARE TRIUNE, WITH BINARY INTERACTIVES.  THIS IS THE LINKAGE BETWEEN MATTER AND FORCE CARRYING PARTICLES. THE LINKAGE BETWEEN THE PARTICLE ZOO IS CONTROLLED BY FERMIONS AND BOSONS. 
• THE REALITY OF HOW LIFE FORMS CAME ABOUT ON THIS REMOTE BLUE MARBLE IS THIS:  THE EVENT ORIGINATOR WROTE THE CODE, PRODUCED THE BLUEPRINT, AND USED AN EVOLVEMENT PROCESS TO OBTAIN THE REQUISITE RESULT.  IT’S ALL JUST A BINARY SOFTWARE PROGRAM.
• • • www.vernbender.com
  • Every symmetry of physics laws leads to a conservation law, and every conservation law arises from a symmetry in the laws of physics. 
  • Symmetry is the casual structure built into the creation module.  The creation module has a two-way arrow of time that is built into it.  All current information is always passed back into the versatile storage unit.  These informational totals can’t be changed or deleted.
  • The closed sub-atomic quantum system is a duplicate of the macro quantum system.  The two systems interact on a binary basis.
• The triune combined functions of consciousness, quantum gravity, and quantum entanglement act as one from the underside of the fabric of space-time.
• • SPECIES EXTINCTION EVENTS  HAVE ALSO BEEN A PART OF THE EVOLUTIONARY LIFE CYCLE.
• • • www.vernbender.com
  • The reality of the unseen is beyond your ken. 
  • It resides on the backside of the space-time continuum.
• www.vernbender.com
  • Symmetry is the causal structure built into the creation module.  The creation module has a two-way arrow of time that is built into it.  All current information is always passed back into the versatile storage unit.  These informational totals can’t be changed or deleted.
  • The closed subatomic quantum system is a duplicate of the macro quantum system.  The two systems interact on a binary basis.
    • CONSCIOUSNESS CREATES SPACE/TIME.

•  SINCE AT LEAST THE CAMBRIAN PERIOD STARTED, (AROUND 540 MILLION YEARS AGO), 5  MASS EXTINCTION EVENTS HAVE HAPPENED.
• THE BIG FIVE MASS EXTINCTIONS:

FIRST:  85% OF ALL SPECIES INCLUDING MARINE INVERTEBRATES.  (LATE ORDOVICIAN 440 MILLION YEARS AGO).  A GLOBAL ICE AGE, FOLLOWED BY FOLLOWED BY A RAPID WARMING. GLOBAL 2ND:  LATE DEVONIAN PERIOD AROUND 374 MILLION YEARS AGO.  75% OF ALL SPECIES WIPED OUT.  BOTTOM- DWELLING  INVERTEBRATES IN TROPICAL SEAS.(HIGH VARIATIONS IN SEA LEVELS AND RAPID COOLING AND WARMING PERIODS). 3RD:  95% OF ALL SPECIES, INCLUDING MARINE ANIMALS. THE MOST DEVASTATING ONE, IN THE PERMIAN PERIOD AROUND 250 MILLION YEARS AGO., ASTEROID IMPACT, BLOCKED SUN, AND ACID RAINS, 4TH:  80%  OF ALL SPECIES.  ALL TYPES, GONE.  50 MILLION YEARS AFTER THE GREAT PERMIAN EXTINCTION.  DURING THE TRIASSIC PERIOD.  CAUSED BY A COLOSSAL GEOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IN THE ATLANTIC OCEAN. HIGH TEMPS AND ACIDIFIED OCEANS. 5TH:  THE CRETACEOUS PERIOD.  76% GONE. THE NON-AVIAN DINOSAURS.  145 MILLION YEARS AGO. A 6TH MASS EXTINCTION MAY BE UNDERWAY. A terrible mass extinction was inevitable. Only 5% of the population of life on Earth survived and 95% perished from massive drought, lack of oxygen, and acid rain that made plants unable to survive.

• Older fossil records are more difficult to interpret. This is because:
• Older fossils are harder to find as they are usually buried at a considerable depth.
• Dating older fossils is more difficult.
• Productive fossil beds are researched more than unproductive ones, therefore leaving certain periods unresearched.
• Prehistoric environmental events can disturb the deposition process.
• The preservation of fossils varies on land, but marine fossils tend to be better preserved than their sought after land-based counterparts.^[20]
• In the last 500 million years, Earth has undergone five mass extinctions, including the event 66 million years ago that wiped out the dinosaurs.
• Macleod (2001)^[55] summarized the relationship between mass extinctions and events which are most often cited as causes of mass extinctions, using data from Courtillot et al. (1996),^[56] Hallam (1992)^[57] and Grieve et al. (1996):^[58]
• Flood basalt events: 11 occurrences, all associated with significant extinctions^[59][60] But Wignall (2001) concluded that only five of the major extinctions coincided with flood basalt eruptions and that the main phase of extinctions started before the eruptions.^[61]
• Sea-level falls 12, of which seven were associated with significant extinctions.^[60]
• Asteroid impacts: one large impact is associated with a mass extinction, i.e. the Cretaceous.