DO YOU STILL WANT TO BELIEVE THAT RANDOMNESS CAUSED IT ALL?
VERN BENDER
In 2012, the Higgs boson became the last confirmed elementary particle of the Standard Model. This equation succinctly describes all known forms of matter and predicts with astonishing accuracy how they interact.
BUT WAIT, THERE’S MORE: The muon may interact with a force or particle the Standard Model doesn’t include. New understandings are on their way. Things that differ from everything else will be discovered soon. The standard model describes all known matter.
Dark matter and dark energy make up 95% of the universe, and we know almost zero about them.
Is dark energy a pure cosmological constant or something else? Why is the energy density of the dark energy component of the same magnitude as the density of matter?
Is dark matter a particle? Is Dark Matter an extension of gravity? Is dark matter the lightest super-partner (LSP)?
Matter and anti-matter showed up in equal amounts; hardly any anti-matter is around today.
Is the present moment physically distinct from the past and future, or is it merely an emergent property of consciousness?
Are there exceptions to the principle of causality?
What links the quantum arrow of time to the thermodynamic arrow? Entropy is one of the few quantities in the physical sciences that require a particular direction for a time, sometimes called an arrow of time. As one goes forward in time, the second law of thermodynamics says that an isolated system’s entropy can increase but not decrease. Even though living things are highly ordered and maintain a state of low entropy, the entropy of the universe in total is constantly growing because of the loss of usable energy with each energy transfer that occurs.
Is it possible to provide an analytic proof of color confinement in any non-Abelian gauge theory?
What is the mechanism that allows gauge blocks to be wrung together?
Does strangeness in quark-gluon plasma flow at the same speed as up and down quark flavors? Quark-gluon plasma: A cubic centimeter of it would weigh 40 billion tons.
Quark–gluon plasma is a state of matter. The elementary particles that make up the hadrons of baryonic matter are freed of their strong attraction for one another under extremely high energy densities. These particles are the quarks and gluons that compose baryonic matter.
Do gluons form a dense system called Color Glass Condensate?
Is spacetime continuous or discrete?
Is quark flavor conserved in quark-gluon plasma?
What does QCD predict for the properties of strongly interacting matter?
Does QCD genuinely lack CP violations?
Is spacetime supersymmetry realized at the TeV scale?
If so, what is the mechanism of supersymmetry breaking?
Does supersymmetry stabilize the electro-weak scale, preventing high quantum corrections?
Gluons are the particles that quarks exchange as they interact, or, in the language of modern physics, gluons mediate the strong force between quarks. Since quarks make up protons and neutrons, this leads to the force that holds protons and neutrons together in a nucleus.
DO YOU STILL WANT TO BELIEVE THAT RANDOMNESS caused IT ALL?
