THE BIRTH AND DEATH OF A STAR & A GALAXY, NOW AND THEN.
VERN BENDER
THE LAW THAT CONTROLS ALL PARTICLE INTERACTIONS IS THIS:
ALL THINGS ARE TRIUNE, WITH BINARY INTERACTIVES. THIS IS THE LINKAGE BETWEEN MATTER AND FORCE CARRYING PARTICLES. THE LINKAGE BETWEEN THE PARTICLE ZOO IS CONTROLLED BY FERMIONS AND BOSONS.
THE REALITY OF HOW LIFE FORMS CAME ABOUT ON THIS REMOTE BLUE MARBLE IS THIS: THE EVENT ORIGINATOR WROTE THE CODE, PRODUCED THE BLUEPRINT, AND USED AN EVOLVEMENT PROCESS TO OBTAIN THE REQUISITE RESULT. IT’S ALL JUST A BINARY SOFTWARE PROGRAM.
Every symmetry of physics laws leads to a conservation law, and every conservation law arises from a symmetry in the laws of physics.
Symmetry is the causal structure built into the creation module. The creation module has a two-way arrow of time that is built into it. All current information is always passed back into the versatile storage unit. These informational totals can’t be changed or deleted.
The closed subatomic quantum system is a duplicate of the macro quantum system. The two systems interact on a binary basis.
The triune combined functions of consciousness, quantum gravity, and quantum entanglement act as one from the underside of the fabric of space-time.
Symmetry is the causal structure built into the creation module. The creation module has a two-way arrow of time that is built into it. All current information is always passed back into the versatile storage unit. These informational totals can’t be changed or deleted.
The closed subatomic quantum system is a duplicate of the macro quantum system. The two systems interact on a binary basis.
Symmetry is the causal structure built into the creation module. The creation module has a two-way arrow of time that is built into it. All current information is always passed back into the versatile storage unit. These informational totals can’t be changed or deleted.
The closed subatomic quantum system is a duplicate of the macro quantum system. The two systems interact on a binary basis.
CONSCIOUSNESS CREATES SPACE/TIME.
The graceful, winding arms of the majestic spiral galaxy M51 (NGC 5194) appear like a grand spiral staircase sweeping through space. They are actually long lanes of stars and gas laced with dust. This sharpest-ever image, taken in January 2005 with the Advanced Camera for Surveys aboard the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, illustrates a spiral galaxy’s grand design, from its curving spiral arms, where young stars reside, to its yellowish central core, a home of older stars. The galaxy is nicknamed the Whirlpool because of its swirling structure. The Whirlpool’s most striking feature is its two curving arms, a hallmark of so-called grand-design spiral galaxies. Many spiral galaxies possess numerous, loosely shaped arms that make their spiral structure less pronounced. These arms serve an important purpose in spiral galaxies. They are star-formation factories, compressing hydrogen gas, and creating clusters of new stars. In the Whirlpool, the assembly line begins with the dark clouds of gas on the inner edge, then moves to bright pink star-forming regions, and ends with the brilliant blue star clusters along the outer edge. Some astronomers believe that the Whirlpool’s arms are so prominent because of the effects of a close encounter with NGC 5195, the small, yellowish galaxy at the outermost tip of one of the Whirlpool’s arms. At first glance, the compact galaxy appears to be tugging on the arm. Hubble’s clear view, however, shows that NGC 5195 is passing behind the Whirlpool. The small galaxy has been gliding past the Whirlpool for hundreds of millions of years. As NGC 5195 drifts by, its gravitational muscle pumps up waves within the Whirlpool’s pancake-shaped disk. The waves are like ripples in a pond generated when a rock is thrown in the water. When the waves pass through orbiting gas clouds within the disk, they squeeze the gaseous material along each arm’s inner edge. The dark dusty material looks like gathering storm clouds. These dense clouds collapse, creating a star.
When a high-mass star has no hydrogen left to burn, it expands and becomes a red supergiant. While most stars quietly fade away, the supergiants destroy themselves in a huge explosion, called a supernova. The death of massive stars can trigger the birth of other stars.
stars are born in vast clouds of gas and dust. stars spend most of their lives on the main sequence fusing hydrogen gas to helium gas. stars eventually swell up to form a red giant star. stars like the Sun end their lives as planetary nebulae and white dwarfs.
The first stage in the birth of a star is called a protostar. This is where the majority of the stellar material has collected together in a ball in the center, but there is a huge disk of gas and dust obscuring it from our view. As long as there is still in flowing material, the object is a protostar.
Generally, the more massive the star, the faster it burns up its fuel supply, and the shorter its life. The most massive stars can burn out and explode in a supernova after only a few million years of fusion. A star with a mass like the Sun, on the other hand, can continue fusing hydrogen for about 10 billion years.
SUN SIZED STARS:
We are made of star-stuff.
Our sun will last 10 billion years, on the main sequence.
Once the hydrogen is consumed, it will enter the red giant phase.
Helium burning begins, starting the yellow giant phase.
Once the helium is consumed, the core contracts, the outer envelope expands, beginning the red giant phase.
The core begins to cool, and the outer envelope expands again.
The core remains as a white dwarf.
Hydrogen and a little helium were formed shortly after the big bang.
All other elements were formed inside of the stars.
High-mass stars create carbon and oxygen in their cores, at the end.
High-mass stars produce heavier elements like silicon, magnesium, etc., by nuclear fusion in their cores.
Temperatures and pressures are much higher.
The highest -mass elements (heavier than iron) must be created in supernovae.
CORE COLLAPSE OF MASSIVE STARS:
Iron cannot be fused into any heavier element, so it collects at the center of the star.
Gravity pulls the core of the star to a size smaller than the Earth’s diameter.
The core compresses so much that protons and electrons merge into neutrons, taking energy away from the core.
The core collapses, the layer above bounces against the core.
The “bounced material collides with the rest” The star then explodes.
This is a supernova. There are 2 types of supernova. A white dwarf one and a core collapsed one. The core collapsed one explodes into a neutron star, or if big enough, into a black hole.
