Beyond the seen universe, there may be billions of other galaxies
VERN BENDER
The Universe contains a vast amount of matter that we can’t see (27%). There are billions of galaxies in the seen universe, many having a trillion stars (5% of the universe). Beyond the seen universe, there may be billions of other galaxies. Visible matter accounts for 5% of the known universe, and dark matter accounts for 27% of the known universe’s total matter. The rest of the known space (68%) is filled with dark energy. We don’t have a clue about the percentage breakdown of the unseen universe (the unseen part of the universe whose light hasn’t yet come into view). All we know for sure is that it doesn’t interact with regular matters. Lightrays have a speed limit.
As space expands, the dark energy density remains constant rather than decreasing or increasing. As a result, after the Universe has expanded for long enough, dark energy comes to dominate the energy levels of the Universe. Dark energy is powerful enough to drag apart clusters of galaxies without ripping them apart from within.
Its effect on the rate detects dark energy at which the universe expands and how large-scale structures such as galaxies and clusters of galaxies form through gravitational instabilities.
Dark energy is a force acting in opposition to gravity. After gravity, the electromagnetic force, and the strong and weak nuclear forces, the fifth force works on the matter. I think dark energy to be very homogeneous and dense and does not interact through any of the fundamental forces other than gravity. Dark energy is a property of space.
There are billions of galaxies in the visible universe, many having a trillion stars (5% of the universe). Beyond the visible universe, there may be billions of other galaxies. Visible matter accounts for 5% of the known universe, and dark matter accounts for 27% of the known universe’s total matter. The rest of the known space (68%) is active with dark energy. We don’t have a clue about the percentage breakdown of the unseen universe (the unseen part of the universe whose light hasn’t yet come into view). All we know for sure is that it doesn’t interact with regular matters. Lightrays have a speed limit.
As space expands, the dark energy density remains constant rather than decreasing or increasing. As a result, after the Universe has expanded for long enough, dark energy comes to dominate the energy levels of the Universe.
Dark energy is vacuum energy; it is the underlying background energy that permeates the Universe.
Note: The quantum field theory suggests that all particles contribute negative pressures to the vacuum energy. The numbers don’t work if we include this into the equation.
TBD, IS DARK ENERGY SOMETHING ELSE?
According to a new study, neutrinos, so-called “ghost particles” scattered across the universe, can be 10 million times lighter than the mass of an electron. Neutrinos are ghostly because they are extraordinarily volatile or vaporous, cosmic particles that can pass through any matter without changing.
The Higgs boson is an elementary particle in the Standard Model of particle physics produced by the quantum excitation of the Higgs field, one field in particle physics theory. The Higgs particle is a massive scalar boson with zero spins, no electric charge, and no color charge in the Standard Model.
